An Automatic Monitoring and Control Inside Greenhouse

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

1.1.Background

There are many opportunities and approaches for producing crops in greenhouses. In the planning phase, decisions need to be made on greenhouse layout and design. A suitable location needs to be identified before the greenhouse can be constructed. When the greenhouse space becomes available and suitable crops, varieties and growing systems have been determined, focus needs to be directed to maintaining and controlling a suitable greenhouse environment.

A greenhouse is an exceptionally outlined homestead structure building to give a more controllable environment to better harvest generation, crop security, product seeding and transplanting. Also, the accessible space of area for developing yields has been altogether diminishing, following to more space of area is vigorously utilized for housing and commercial ventures as a part of this present day period. The effectiveness of plant creation inside greenhouse depends fundamentally on the conformity of ideal atmosphere development conditions to attain to high return at low cost, great quality and low natural burden. To attain to these objectives a few parameters, for example, light, temperature and humidity, soil moisture must be controlled ideally given certain criteria through warming, lighting, ventilation and water creation. Persistent checking and controlling of these ecological variables gives significant data relating to the individual impacts of the different elements towards acquiring most extreme harvest creation. Greenhouse situations present remarkable difficulties to great control. Temperature changes happen quickly and fluctuate broadly relying upon sun powered radiation levels, outside temperatures and moistness levels in the greenhouse. Poor light intensity and high stickiness frequently bring about poor natural product set and quality. More exact control can decrease heating fuel and electrical expenses, expand the efficiency of laborers by empowering them to go to more important assignments, empowering directors and producers to settle on better administration choices and invest more energy dealing with the procedure.

Today, programmed control frameworks are the standard for advanced greenhouse, with proceeded with changes as the innovation forces. Environment conditions can be kept up by these programmed control frameworks, where the framework can be worked consequently. The principle parts of any control framework are estimation controller, information preparing, information securing, information presentation and recording. In nature control framework, every parameter must be kept up incessantly inside a certain reach. Be that as it may, no such models yet exist for business greenhouse cultivation. In the agrarian area, particularly creating nations, the use of the earth control innovation is still constrained, basically on account of its high cost. Hence, a supportable improvement of natural observing and control framework for escalated greenhouse generation is inescapable. In our work, we have proposed a framework that can gather the Data identified with greenhouse environment and yield status and control the greenhouse consequently in view of the gathered data to foresee and follow up on circumstances for splendidly controlled climatic conditions. By thickly observing climatic conditions, this exploration has the reason for making relationship between sensors flags and reference estimations, breaking down the development, advancement of yields and the natural variables to which they are uncovered.

1.2. Problem Statement

Plant growth is mainly influenced by the surrounding environmental climatic variables and by the amount of water. The dynamic behavior of the greenhouse microclimate is a combination of physical processes involving energy transfer (radiation and heat) and mass balance (water vapor fluxes and CO2 concentration). As the sun warms the greenhouse, temperature rises rapidly. Without a method of removing excess heat, the temperature may increase to levels detrimental for crop growth. Excess humidity condenses on the leaf surface where it can enhance disease problems. It can also condense on the greenhouse structure where it may reduce light transmission. When humidity levels drop too low, the plants transpire at a rate much quicker than that of nutrient uptake. During cloudy, low-light conditions, plant growth is affected.

So to solve these problems we have considered something which will bring arrangement by presenting some controlled framework that will control the temperature and humidity, light and moisture by using the sensors such as temperature and humidity sensor, soil moisture/water level detector, and light sensor.

1.3. Motivation

Till now our agricultural systems are followed by conventional method whereas developed countries use automated system to control their agrarian economy to grow more products than before using same lands and weathers. Though moderate weather condition always helps us to grow different plants at different seasons but it does not helping us to escalate crops production without impeding crops from natural destruction. The accessible space of area for developing yields has been altogether diminishing, following to more space of area is vigorously utilized for housing and commercial ventures as a part of this present day period. Because of this we are interested in design and implement an automated system to control our country’s agrarian economy to grow more products on small area by preventing crops from natural destruction to attain to high return at low cost, time reducing, great quality and low natural burden.

41.4. Objective

1.4.1. Main objective:-

1. to design and implement “AN AUTOMATIC MONITORING AND CONTROLSYSTEM INSIDE GREENHOUSE”.

2. able to design and develop prototype for greenhouse control system

1.4.2.Specific objectives

1. To control parameters such as room temperature, humidity, light and soil-moisture inside greenhouse ideally given certain criteria through warming, lighting, ventilation and humidity creation.

1.5. Scope of project This project covers:

 Collecting suitable devices that can be used in this project.  Development of a suitable algorithm for the automatic control inside greenhouse in order to fulfill the objective of this project.  programming using suitable programming language (c code)  Circuit developments